Tuesday, October 14, 2025

HHC 2025 Videos

 HHC 2025 Videos



The talks from the HHC 2025 conference in Orlando, Florida are starting to be up on hpcalc’s YouTube page within the coming days.

https://www.youtube.com/@hpcalc/videos



So far, the following videos are up (as of 5:30 AM Pacific Standard Time on October 14):



Is the HP 71B Still Relevant?: Wlodek Mier-Jerdzejowicz. Yes and Wlodek explains why.



HeritageWerks – Archiving HP’s History: Nicole Jordan speaks on how Hewlett Packard is saving and archiving its history and machines.



The RPN Journey Continues – Gary Carter: This is about the new and upcoming C47 and R47 calculators. The C47 is an advanced, open-source RPN calculator that runs on the Swiss Micros DM42 and DM42n calculator. The R47 will be hardware version.

For more information: https://47calc.com/



Moravia Product Update. Moravia is a worldwide distributor and has the license to sell HP calculators. There are plans to release an HP 16C Collector’s Edition next year.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwgQu2s7rxY



The HP 16C is part of the Voyager series, which includes the HP 12C and HP 15C, but the 16C specializes in computer science and Boolean algebra.

https://www.hpmuseum.org/hp16.htm



There is more to come. You can see the full schedule here:

https://hhuc.us/2025/schedule.htm



Topics to come include (not an all inclusive list):



Video Game Preservation and how it relates to calculators: Charles McCord



Creating the Calculator Calculus Companion book: David Hayden

A copy can be downloaded here: https://literature.hpcalc.org/items/2685



Building a Classic Battery pack from scratch: David Ramsey



Photographing Calculators on a budget: Alan Striegel



A New Random Number Generator (using dice): Richard Schwartz



HHC is one of the events I try to get to every year. It is a two, talk and calculating packed days. Saturdays typically start at 7:30 in the morning local time and we go to at least 9:30 at night, sometimes later. Sundays start about 9:30 in the morning through about 4:00-5:00, counting the door prize drawing. The weekend goes by so fast!



Eddie


All original content copyright, © 2011-2025. Edward Shore. Unauthorized use and/or unauthorized distribution for commercial purposes without express and written permission from the author is strictly prohibited. This blog entry may be distributed for noncommercial purposes, provided that full credit is given to the author.

Saturday, October 11, 2025

RPN Calculators: INPUT vs PROMPT

RPN Calculators: INPUT vs PROMPT


Later RPN keystroke programming calculators are able to display alphabetic messages and store to variables for alphabetic names.


HP 32S, HP 32SII, HP 33S, HP 35S, DM32

HP 41C (all variants), DM41X

HP 42S, DM42, DM42n, Free 42

Single letter variable names

Numeric-named variables only

Both numeric-named variables and alphabetic (and alphanumeric) variable names. Alphabetic and alphanumeric named variables are enclosed in quotes (alpha strings) well stored and recalled and take additional memory.

Can display messages by setting Flag 10 and using the equation feature to type messages

Can display messages and prompts

Can display messages and prompts


Two common ways to cue the user to enter values are the INPUT and PROMPT commands.


The INPUT Command: HP 32 and HP 42S (and Swiss Micros/emulator equivalents)


Note: The INPUT command is not available in the HP 41C’s command set.


General syntax: INPUT var


When an INPUT command is encountered, the screen will display [var]?= on the X stack.


Example:

INPUT R displays R? [previous value stored in R]


HP 32 Family: The variable is a single-letter name or the indirect variable i.

HP 42S Family: A custom alpha variable, a numeric-named variable (i.e. 00, 01, 02, etc.), indirect variables, or the stack levels X, Y, T, Z, or L (last argument).


The INPUT has the double benefit of storing whatever is entered into the variable asked for. INPUT will also show the previously stored value, so we can just accept it by pressing R/S to keep the old value.


Example: Volume of a Cone


HP 32 family

HP 42S family

V01 LBL V

V02 INPUT R

V03 INPUT H

V04 π

V05 RCL R

V06 x^2

V07 ×

V08 RCL H

V09 ×

V10 3

V11 ÷

V12 RTN


No quotes are needed for alphabetic variables.



00 {30-Byte Prgm }

01 LBL “VCONE1”

02 INPUT “R”

03 INPUT “H”

04 PI

05 RCL “R”

06 x↑2

07 ×

08 RCL “H”

09 ×

10 3

11 ÷

12 RTN


We could use variables 00 and 01 (for example) for radius and height, respectively, except the input command prompt will show “R00?” or “R01?” which may not be user-friendly.


The INPUT does not replace the contents of the alpha register.


If we want the alphanumeric/alphanumeric variables (“R”, “H”) to be erased, we could have inserted CLV “R” and CLV “H” at the end, but that will erase the value associated with them.



The PROMPT Command: HP 41C and HP 42S (and Swiss Micros/emulator equivalents)


Note: The PROMPT command is not available on the HP 32S family.


General Syntax:

alpha string”

PROMPT

STO var


The alpha string is displayed until something, usually a numeric value, is entered. Unlike the INPUT command, the PROMPT does not automatically store the entered value into a variable. Therefore, if you want to use the value for future use, a STO (store) command must be used following the prompt.


Let’s take our volume of the cone example again:


HP 41C family

HP 42S family

01 LBL “VCONE2”

02 ^T RADIUS?

03 PROMPT

04 STO 00

05 ^T HEIGHT?

06 PROMPT

07 STO 01

08 PI

09 RCL 00

10 X↗2

11 *

12 RCL 01

13 *

14 3

15 /

16 RTN



R00 = radius

R01 = volume

00 { 40-Byte Prgm }

01 LBL “VCONE2”

02 “RADIUS?”

03 PROMPT

04 STO 00

05 “HEIGHT?”

06 PROMPT

07 STO 01

08 PI

09 RCL 00

10 X↑2

11 ×

12 RCL 01

13 ×

14 3

15 ÷

16 RTN



R00 = radius

R01 = volume


With PROMPT, I like to use the numeric-named memory registers, but we can use alphabetic or alphanumeric registers as well.


HP 32SII/DM32: Simulating PROMPT with Flag 10


Even though the HP 32SII does not have a PROMPT command, we can kind of simulate it by using the equation message feature.


To set flag 10: [ |→ ] [ × ]* (FLAGS), { SF }. [ . ] [ 0 ]

To clear flag 10: [ |→ ] [ × ]* (FLAGS), { CF }. [ . ] [ 0 ]

We have to use the decimal point key in order to access flags beyond 9.

(*HP 35S: [ ←| ] [ ↑ ] (FLAGS))


HP 32SII/33S/35S/DM32


W01 LBL W

W02 SF 10

W03 “=RADIUS”

W04 STO R

W05 “=HEIGHT”

W06 STO H

W07 CF 10


W08 π

W09 RCL R

W10 x^2

W11 ×

W12 RCL H

W13 ×

W14 3

W15 ÷

W16 RTN


Turn message mode on

Enter as an equation =RADIUS

Enter radius and press [R/S]

Enter as an equation =HEIGHT

Enter height and press [R/S]

Turn message mode off, so equations can operate normally



Note: Equations are NOT on the original HP 32S.



I hope you find this helpful.


Eddie


All original content copyright, © 2011-2025. Edward Shore. Unauthorized use and/or unauthorized distribution for commercial purposes without express and written permission from the author is strictly prohibited. This blog entry may be distributed for noncommercial purposes, provided that full credit is given to the author.


The author does not use AI engines and never will.

Friday, October 10, 2025

Retro Review: HP 67

Retro Review: HP 67


I won a HP 67 from the HHC 2025 Conference in Orlando, Florida last September. Be on the lookout for a list of videos by the hpcalc.org's YouTube page soon. It's always a good time.


Bruce Gordon donated the HP 67 to the conference and I'm grateful and appreciative. I love the box, the calculator, the leather cover, and the manuals.









Quick Facts


Company: Hewlett Packard

Years: 1976 - 1984

Type: Scientific, RPN (Reverse Polish Notation)

Memory: 20 memory registers, 224 steps


Batteries: originally Ni-Cad, there are battery packs that can use AAA batteries (Ebay seller: waterhosko, https://www.ebay.com/usr/waterhosko)


DISCLAIMER:  I am not page for referring the website on eBay, nor I do not guarantee that inventory is available.  


Features:


* Trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential functions

* Probability: n! (the factorial function only accepts positive integers)

* Integer part, fractional part, absolute value, round to fix settings

* Polar/Rectangular, Degree/Radian, Hours/Hours-Minutes-Seconds (HMS) conversions

* Percent and percent change


Non-Continuous Memory


The memory on the HP 67 is not continuous. When the calculator is turned off, all memory is lost. The only way to save the memory registers and the steps require the use of thin memory cards and the built-in card reader. Each card has two sides, which can hold 112 steps per side. With decades-old calculators like the HP 67, the card reader has stopped working. It can be repaired and when I get the chance, I will leave it to the repair experts.


Memory Registers


There are 20 memory registers but they are split up: 10 primary registers and 10 secondary registers. The set of registers can be switch by pressing [ f ] (P<>S). This really comes into play when working with statistical data (see next section).


Statistics


The HP 67 has the standard statistics functions including sums, means, and standard deviations. When calculating statistics, the following stored on the secondary registers:


RS9 (19): n

RS8 (18): Σxy

RS7 (17): Σy^2

RS6 (16): Σy

RS5 (15): Σx^2

RS4 (14): Σx


Clearing these registers require this key sequence: [ f ] (CL REG) [ f ] (P<>S). To access the statistics registers after entering the data, start by pressing [ f ] (P<>S).


The mean function, [ f ] (x-bar):

Y: average of y-values

X: average of x-values


The standard sample deviation, [ g ] (s):

Y: sample deviation of y-values

X: sample deviation of x-values


Programming


As mentioned before, the HP 67 can hold programs up to 224 program steps. Steps involving shift keys [ f ], [ g ], and [ h ], along with [ GTO ] and [ LBL ], are merged with the next key press to help save space. However, each press of the digit keys and the decimal point take one step each. For instance, 475.2 takes five steps ([ 4 ], [ 7 ], [ 5 ], [ . ], [ 2 ]) while sequences such as [ GTO ] [ 1 ] and [ f ] (√x) take one step each.


Always available are five user keys that double as ten lettered labels: A, B, C, D, E, a, b, c, d, and e. The lower case labels are shifted of their capital letter counter parts. There are also ten numerical labels, 0-9, available for use.


There are eight comparison tests:


Gold tests (use the [ f ] shift): x=0, x≠0, x<0, x>0

Blue tests (use the [ g ] shift): x=y, x≠0, x≤y, x>y


The registers I and (i) are used for indirect addressing. We have special functions to store to Register I, the ST I and RC I functions. The DSZ and ISZ only work on register 1.


DSZ: Decrease register I by 1 and skip the next instruction if the result is I=0.

ISZ: Increase register I by 1 and skip the next instruction if the result is I=0.


There are four flags. Flags 0, 1, and 2 are user flags. Flag 2 gets cleared automatically when tested. Flag 3 is the entry flag, which is set automatically when a number is entered or a data card is read. Like Flag 2, Flag 3 is cleared automatically when tested.


For more details, here is an excellent article on HP-67 (and the similar HP-97) programming by the MoHPC (Museum of HP Calculators) web page: https://www.hpmuseum.org/prog/hp67prog.htm


As mentioned before, when the calculator is turned off, all memory is reset. When available, save your programs to a data card first.



Program Collection


Download here:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/114H4D0hcOjxDj_MHQNvwDBUJV3chlpdC/view?usp=sharing



List of Programs (all programs on the file are relatively short, less than 35 steps):


Countdown of HP 67 "seconds"

Random Numbers

Snell's Law

Circle: Area and Circumference

Sphere: Surface Area and Volume

Angle Between 2 Lines with Slopes x and y

Sum of Powers

Adding Complex Numbers

Multiplying Complex Numbers

Complex Number to a Real Power

Permutation

Combination (with duplicating X and Y stack values)

Speed of Sound Approximation (in meters per second)

Finance: Present Value Annuity Factor (including setting N and I% with monthly payments)

Distance Between Two Points (x,y) and (z,t)

Horizontal Curve


When the HP 67 is Turned Off


* All memory is cleared

* The display setting is reset to FIX, DSP 2 (display 2 digits)

* The angle setting is reset to Degrees


Notes


* The number format and the number of decimal points displayed are set separately. For format, the HP 67 offers fixed (FIX), scientific notation (SCI), and engineering format (ENG). For this calculator, do not enter a number after FIX, SCI, or ENG. Setting the number of digits require the use of the display (DSP) key. For instance, if I want to set the HP 67 to fixed setting with 4 decimal places, the keystroke sequence required would be [ f ] (FIX) [DSP] [ 4 ].


* It takes getting used to use a shift key [ h ] before swap (x<>y) and roll down (R↓). Usually they are primary key functions.


* The card reader did not operate, but for machines that are now 50 years old, it's understandable because they do break down. If I get it repaired, I'm leaving it to the professionals.


* There are no internal guard digits. The HP 67, as it seems to be the case for the entire Classic series and possibly later series such as the Voyagers, carries out calculations to fit the 10 digit screen and that's it.


Example:


Set FIX, DSP 9.


2 √ 1.41 - 100 ×


Result:

HP 67 (DSP 9): 0.421356200

HP 45 (FIX 9): 0.421356200

HP 15C CE (FIX 9): 0.421356200

HP 42S, original (ALL): 0.421356237



* This is the only calculator I know that stores the six statistical sum results in secondary registers. I'll have to remember to do the P<>S command first. In later models the registers are not split in this fashion, and that I am grateful for.


* The display is nice, clean, and I do get a small thrill from working with red LED displays.


* There is also a learning curve when all of the shifted functions are listed BELOW the primary keys:

[ primary function ]

        h (black)

g (gold) b (blue)



It's a classic for a reason and I love it. The keyboard is clean and the keys are responsive.


Eddie


All original content copyright, © 2011-2025. Edward Shore. Unauthorized use and/or unauthorized distribution for commercial purposes without express and written permission from the author is strictly prohibited. This blog entry may be distributed for noncommercial purposes, provided that full credit is given to the author.

Sunday, October 5, 2025

HP 41C/DM41X and HP 42S/DM42: Conversions

HP 41C/DM41X and HP 42S/DM42: Conversions


The program CONV has the "standard" conversions:



inches (IN) <-> centimeters (CM)

gallons (GAL) <-> liters (L)

pounds (LB) <-> kilograms (KG)

Fahrenheit (°F) <-> Celsius (°C)



Source: HP 67 Manual (Useful Conversion Factors, back cover). April 1977.



HP 41C/DM41: CONV41


Download raw file: CONV 41 Version


Custom menu:

Key: A (Σ+), B (1/x), C (√x), D (LOG), E (LN)

1st Level (to US): →IN, →GAL, →LB, →°F, HELP

2nd Level (to SI): →CM, →L, →KG, →°C, EXIT

(184 bytes)


01▸LBL "CONV"

02 SF 27

03 CF 01

04 RTN

05▸LBL A

06 2.54

07 FS? 01

08 1/X

09 /

10 CF 01

11 RTN

12▸LBL a

13 SF 01

14 GTO A

15▸LBL B

16 3.785411784

17 FS? 01

18 1/X

19 /

20 CF 01

21 RTN

22▸LBL b

23 SF 01

24 GTO B

25▸LBL C

26 .45359237

27 FS? 01

28 1/X

29 /

30 CF 01

31 RTN

32▸LBL c

33 SF 01

34 GTO C

35▸LBL D

36 1.8

37 *

38 32

39 +

40 RTN

41▸LBL d

42 32

43 -

44 1.8

45 /

46 RTN

47▸LBL E

48 CF 27

49 RTN

50▸LBL e

51 SF 21

52 "A >IN a >CM"

53 AVIEW

54 "B >GAL b >L"

55 AVIEW

56 "C >LB c> KG"

57 AVIEW

58 "D >F d >C"

59 AVIEW

60 CF 21

61 RTN

62 END



HP 42S/DM42/Free 42: CONV42


Download raw file:  CONV 42 Version


Custom menu:

1st Level (to US): →IN, →GAL, →LB, →°F

2nd Level (to SI): →CM, →L, →KG, →°C

The arrow keys (↓) and (↑) toggle the menu.

To exit the program, press [EXIT].


00 { 219-Byte Prgm }

01▸LBL "CONV"

02▸LBL A

03 MENU

04 "→IN"

05 KEY 1 XEQ 01

06 "→GAL"

07 KEY 2 XEQ 02

08 "→LB"

09 KEY 3 XEQ 03

10 "→°F"

11 KEY 4 XEQ 04

12 KEY 7 GTO B

13 KEY 8 GTO B

14 KEY 9 GTO 99

15▸LBL 20

16 STOP

17 GTO 20

18▸LBL B

19 MENU

20 "→CM"

21 KEY 1 XEQ 05

22 "→L"

23 KEY 2 XEQ 06

24 "→KG"

25 KEY 3 XEQ 07

26 "→°C"

27 KEY 4 XEQ 08

28 KEY 7 GTO A

29 KEY 8 GTO A

30 KEY 9 GTO 99

31▸LBL 21

32 STOP

33 GTO 21

34▸LBL 99

35 CLMENU

36 EXITALL

37 RTN

38▸LBL 01

39 2.54

40 /

41 RTN

42▸LBL 02

43 3.785411784

44 /

45 RTN

46▸LBL 03

47 0.45359237

48 /

49 RTN

50▸LBL 04

51 1.8

52 ×

53 32

54 +

55 RTN

56▸LBL 05

57 2.54

58 ×

59 RTN

60▸LBL 06

61 3.785411784

62 ×

63 RTN

64▸LBL 07

65 0.45359237

66 ×

67 RTN

68▸LBL 08

69 32

70 -

71 1.8

72 /

73 RTN

74 .END.


Eddie


All original content copyright, © 2011-2025. Edward Shore. Unauthorized use and/or unauthorized distribution for commercial purposes without express and written permission from the author is strictly prohibited. This blog entry may be distributed for noncommercial purposes, provided that full credit is given to the author.

Saturday, October 4, 2025

TI-60 Geometry: Intersection and Angle Between Two Lines

TI-60 Geometry: Intersection and Angle Between Two Lines


We have two lines in the standard form:


y = R1 * x + R2

y = R3 * x + R4


where R1, R3 are the slopes and R2, R4 are the y-intercepts, which are stored prior to executing the programs.


TI-60: Intersection Point


x = (R4 – R3) / (R1 – R3), y = R1 * x + R2


Step Key Code

Key

Step Key Code

Key

00 53

(

14 54

)

01 71

RCL

15 95

=

02 04

4

16 13

R/S

03 75

-

17 65

×

04 71

RCL

18 71

RCL

05 02

2

19 01

1

06 54

)

20 85

+

07 55

÷

21 71

RCL

08 53

(

22 02

2

09 71

RCL

23 95

=

10 01

1

24 13

R/S

11 75

-

25 22

RST

12 71

RCL



13 03

3






TI-60: Angle Between Two Lines


Θ = arctan(abs((R1 – R3) / (1 + R1 * R3)))


Step Key Code

Key

Step Key Code

Key

00 53

(

13 65

×

01 71

RCL

14 71

RCL

02 01

1

15 03

3

03 75

-

16 54

)

04 71

RCL

17 95

=

05 03

3

18 96

06 54

)

19 86

√x

07 55

÷

20 12

R/S

08 53

(

21 34

RST

09 01

1



10 85

+



11 71

RCL



12 01

1




Examples


Intersection Point: (x, y)

Angle: Θ (degrees)

y = -2 * x + 3

y = 3 * x + 4

(-0.2, 3.4)

45°

y = x + 8

y = 3 * x – 6

(7, 15)

26.56505118°

y = 4 * x – 6

y = 2 * x + 1

(3.5, 8)

12.52880771°



May I close with this: Happy Birthday, Susan Sarandon!


Eddie


All original content copyright, © 2011-2025. Edward Shore. Unauthorized use and/or unauthorized distribution for commercial purposes without express and written permission from the author is strictly prohibited. This blog entry may be distributed for noncommercial purposes, provided that full credit is given to the author.


The author does not use AI engines and never will.

HHC 2025 Videos

  HHC 2025 Videos The talks from the HHC 2025 conference in Orlando, Florida are starting to be up on hpcalc’s YouTube page within th...