Programming Languages: TI-85 vs. TI-84 CE Plus

Programming Languages:  TI-85 vs. TI-84 CE Plus

I purchased a 1995 edition of the TI-85 at a Pasadena City College swap meet.  The TI-85 was my go-to and favorite calculator through high school (1991 – 1995). 

Today, I am going to compare common programming commands between two of my favorite Texas Instrument calculators, the TI-85 and the current TI-84 CE Plus.  The manuals for each calculator were consulted to answer questions.

Arguments in vector brackets [ ] means the argument is optional.

Command	TI-85 (1992 – 1997) (probably also applies to the TI-86) Software Version 10.0	TI-84 CE Plus (2016-) (most of the this applies to TI-84 Plus 2004-present) Software Version 5.2.2
Variable Names	Up to 8 characters, must begin with a number, no spaces. All variables are global.	Single letters A through Z, n, θ All variables are global.
Complex Number display, Rectangular	(X, Y)	X + Yi
Complex Number display, Polar	(R ∠ θ)	R e^θi
Graphing Modes	Function, Polar, Parametric, Differential Equation	Function, Polar, Parametric, Recurring Sequences
Number of Colors	0 (monochrome display)	15: blue, red, black, magenta, green, orange, brown, navy, light blue, yellow, white, light gray, medium gray, gray, dark gray (backlit display) **CE and C versions only
Input	Input by itself displays the graph screen Input [“prompt string”], varname	Input by itself displays the graph screen Input  [“prompt string”], variable
Prompt:  asking for and storing multiple values	Prompt var1, var2, var3 ,…	Prompt var1, var2, var3, …
Disp	Disp by itself displays the home screen Disp var/string, [var/string …]	Disp by itself displays the home screen Disp var/string, [var/string…]
Pause	Pause [var/string]	Pause [var/string], [time in seconds]
Wait	N/A	Wait time in seconds up to 100
Display the graph screen	DispG displays the graph screen	DispGraph displays the graph screen
Display the function table	N/A	DispTable
Output	Outpt(line, col, var/string) 8 lines, 21 columns	Output(row, col, var/string) 10 rows, 26 columns
InpSt	InpSt stores entered text or equations as strings	N/A.  Use Input
If – Then – Else structure	If condition Then do if true [Else do if false] End	If condition Then do if true [Else do if false] End
For structure	For(var, begin, end, [step]) commands End	For(var, begin, end, [step]) commands End
While structure	While condition do while condition is true End	While condition do while condition is true End
Repeat – Until structure	Repeat condition do while condition is false End	Repeat condition do while condition is false End
Menu	Menu(nn, string, label…) Where nn is from 1 to 15	Menu(“title”, “text”, label…) Up to 9 options
Labels (Lbl/Goto)	Label names can have up to 8 characters.  All labels are local.	A-Z, 0 -99, θ.  All labels are local.
Increment (by 1) and Skip (if greater to value)	IS>(variable, value)	IS>(variable, value)
Decrement (by 1) and Skip (if less than value)	DS<(variable, value)	DS<(variable, value)
Stop program execution	Stop	Stop
Return from a subroutine	Return	Return
Execute a subroutine	Type the name of the program	Call program by pressing [prgm], choosing it from the Program submenu during editing
Clear the graph screen	ClDrw (clear all drawings)	ClrDraw (clear all drawings)
Display text on a graph screen	N/A	TextColor(color) sets the color. Text([-1], row, col, string) 0-164 row pixel, 0-264 column pixel -1 is for large text
Draw a temporary function	DrawF f(x)	DrawF f(x), [color]
Draw a temporary inverse function (f^-1(x) = y, x and y are swapped)	DrInv f(x)	DrawInv f(x), [color]
Shading	Shade (lower, upper, left, right)	Shade (lower, upper, [left, right, pattern, pattern resolution, color])
Draw a line	Line(x1, y1, x2, y2)	Line(x1, y1, x2, y2, [0/1, color, line style]) 0/1: 0 to erase, 1 to draw
Draw a circle	Circle(x, y, radius)	Circle(x, y, radius, [color, line style])
Draw a Point Only the TI-84 Plus CE has similar commands for pixels	PtOn(x,y) PtOff(x,y) PtChg(x,y)	Pt-On(x,y, [mark, color]) Pt-Off(x,y,[mark]) Pt-Change(x,y,[color])
Convert a value to a string	N/A	eval(expression) → Str# No complex results
Convert a string to a value	N/A	expr(string)
Convert a string to a graph variable	St>Eq(string, graph variable)	String>Equ(string, graph variable)
Length of a string	lngth string	length(string) (call from the catalog)
Extract part of a string	sub(string, begin point, length)	sub(string, begin point, length) (call from the catalog)
Execute Linear Regression analysis (other regressions are similar)	LinR xlist, ylist	LinReg(ax+b) xlist, ylist, [freqlist, Y= variable]
Turn a stat plot on	N/A (stat plots are not available on the TI-85)	PlotsOn [1,2,3]
Turn a stat plot off	N/A (stat plots are not available on the TI-85)	PlotsOff [1,2,3]
Turn graph functions on	FnOn [1 – 99]	FnOn [1-9, 0]
Turn graph functions off	FnOff [1 – 99]	FnOff [1-9, 0]

Notes

As we can see, the programming language of the TI-85/86 family is similar to the TI-84 Plus family, translating the programs should not be difficult.  I believe that stat plots are available on the TI-86, but not the TI-85.

Keep in mind if you have complex numbers, that the complex mode on the TI-84 Plus (a+bi or re^(θi) has to be turned on.  Furthermore, logarithmic, power, exponential, and trigonometric functions for complex numbers return error on the TI-84 Plus (substitute expressions must be used).

(use radians mode)

With z = X + Yi = R*e^(θ*i), X = real(z), Y = imag(z), R = abs(z), θ = arg(z)

z^n = R^n * (cos(n*θ) + sin(n*θ)*i), n is a real number

ln (z) = ln R + θ*i

e^(z) = e^X * cos Y + e^X * sin Y * i

sin(z) = sin X * cosh Y + cos X * sinh Y * i

cos(z) = cos X * cosh Y – sin X * sinh Y * i

sin¯¹ (z) = asin(z) = -i * ln (zi ± √ (1 – z^2)

z1 ^ z2 = e^(z2 * ln z1)

Eddie

This blog is property of Edward Shore, 2017

HP Prime Programming Tutorial #2: MSGBOX, IF-THEN-ELSE, PRINT, FOR

Welcome to another programming tutorial for the HP Prime. In this session, we will cover MSGBOX, IF-THEN-ELSE, PRINT, and the FOR loop.

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MSGBOX

MSGBOX: MSGOX takes a string a makes a pop-up message box. Program execution stops until you press a key to acknowledge the message.
Access: Cmds, 6. I/O, 8. MSGBOX

The program COMLOCK: Imagine that you are in charge of setting the combinations for the good, old-school combination locks. This program gives three digit combinations through the use of MSGBOX.

EXPORT COMLOCK()
BEGIN
LOCAL L0;
L0:=RANDINT(3,0,39);**
MSGBOX("SECRET: "+L0(1)+","+L0(2)+","+L0(3));
END;  
** Thanks to Thomas Lake for pointing out my typo.  Apologies for any inconvenience - Eddie (3/21/2014)

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Other commands that are featured:

RANDINT(n, a, b) generates a list of n integers between a and b. You can leave n out if you desire a single random integer. Picks may be repeated.

The HP Prime's default list variables are designated L0 through L9.

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Here is a sample output for COMLOCK:

IF-THEN-ELSE

IF-THEN-ELSE: Program structure:
IF condition THEN
do if the condition is true;
ELSE
do if the condition is false;
END;

Access: Tmplt, 2. Branch, 2. IF THEN ELSE

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Tip: You can leave out the ELSE part if you only want to test to see if a condition is true. Access the simple IF-THEN structure by pressing Tmplt, 2. Branch, 1. IF THEN.

Access <, ≤, ==, etc. by pressing Shift, 6. Note that the double equals is needed to check equality.

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PRINT

PRINT: The PRINT command prints a sting, result, or a combination of both onto the Prime's Terminal screen. If PRINT is used, the program will end on the terminal (text output) screen. Press a button to exit.

You can access the terminal screen at any time by pressing the ON button, holding it, and then pressing the Divide ( ÷ ) button.

Access: Cmds, 6. I/O, 9. PRINT

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Tip: To clear the terminal screen, type PRINT(). This is a good way to clear the terminal screen and I usually use this at the beginning of any program if PRINT is going to be used later on.

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The program QROOTS (yet one more quadratic solver, sorry for not being original guys and gals), demonstrates the use of IF-THEN-ELSE and PRINT.

Here I set the setting variable HComplex to 1, which allows for complex number results.

EXPORT QROOTS(A,B,C)
BEGIN
LOCAL D;
PRINT();
HComplex:=1;
D:=B^2-4*A*C;
IF D≥0 THEN
PRINT("Roots are real.");
ELSE
PRINT("Roots are complex.");
END;
PRINT((-B+√D)/(2*A));
PRINT((-B-√D)/(2*A));
END;

Examples:

QROOTS(1,5,8) returns:

Roots are complex.
-2.5+1.32287565553*i
-2.5-1.32287565553*i

QROOTS(2,-4,-8) returns:

Roots are real.
3.2360679775
-1.2360679775

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FOR

This section will explore the basic FOR structure:

FOR variable FROM start TO end DO
commands;
END;

All the commands in the loop will be executed a set number of times. Each time a loop finishes, the variable increases by one. The loop terminates when variable=end.

Access: Tmplt, 3. LOOP, 1. FOR

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The program SUMDIV takes any integer and adds up the sum of its divisors. For example, the divisors of 12 are 1, 12, 2, 3, 4, and 6. The sum is 28.

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Featured Commands in SUMDIV:

idivis: idivis(integer) returns a sequence of all of the divisors if integer. Access: Toolbox, CAS, 5. Integer, 1. Divisors

Any CAS command used in programming will be preceded by "CAS." Not all CAS commands can be used in HP Prime programming at this time.

DIM: returns the dimensions of a sequence, string, or matrix. DIM must be used instead of SIZE to prevent a Bad Argument error.

For sequences or vectors, DIM returns the length in a list {length}.
For strings, DIM returns length as a number.
For matrices, DIM returns the list {number of rows, number of columns}.

Access: Cmds, 1. Strings, 9. DIM

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The program:

EXPORT SUMDIV(N)
BEGIN
LOCAL S:=0,K,mdiv,ldiv;
mdiv:=CAS.idivis(N);
ldiv:=DIM(mdiv);
FOR K FROM 1 TO ldiv(1) DO
S:=S+mdiv(K);
END;
RETURN S;
END;  

** Thanks to Thomas Lake for pointing out that the variable "mat", which I had in this program was unnecessary.  - Eddie 3/21/2013

 

Examples:
SUMDIV(12) returns 28.
SUMDIV(24) returns 60.
SUMDIV(85) returns 108.

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This concludes this part of the HP Prime Programming Tutorial.

HAPPY HALLOWEEN!

Eddie


This blog is property of Edward Shore. 2013